Did you know that nearly one-third of the food we consume relies on the hard work of bees and other pollinators? As alarming declines in bee populations continue to make headlines, many gardeners are left wondering how to attract bees to your garden and support these vital creatures. Creating a bee-friendly habitat is not just an act of kindness; it’s an essential step towards ensuring biodiversity and enhancing the productivity of your own garden. By understanding the importance of nesting sites and shelter options, you can play a crucial role in fostering a thriving ecosystem right in your backyard.
In this article, we’ll delve into the fascinating world of bees and explore practical strategies for creating the ideal habitat to attract them. You’ll discover expert tips on how to attract bees to your garden by providing the right nesting sites and shelters that cater to different bee species. From simple DIY projects to the best plants that can support bee populations, we’ll equip you with valuable insights to transform your garden into a buzzing sanctuary. Continue reading to unlock the secrets of bee-friendly gardening and contribute to a healthier planet!
Understanding Bees and Their Habitat Needs
The Importance of Bees in New Zealand
New Zealand is home to a diverse range of bee species, many of which are native and play a crucial role in pollination and the overall health of ecosystems. Among these species is the New Zealand native bee, known scientifically as Leioproctus. Unlike honeybees, which are social insects, many native bees are solitary and have unique nesting habits that require specific environmental conditions. The presence of these native bees is vital for local agriculture and horticulture, as they contribute significantly to the pollination of native flora and crops alike.
In New Zealand, bees not only enhance the beauty of gardens but also support food production. They are responsible for pollinating various fruits, vegetables, and nuts, which are essential for human consumption. The decline of bee populations poses a serious threat to biodiversity and food security. Therefore, understanding the needs of these crucial pollinators is the first step toward creating a bee-friendly environment in your garden.
Types of Bees and Their Nesting Habits
To effectively attract bees to your garden, it is important to understand the different types of bees and their nesting preferences. In New Zealand, bees can be broadly categorized into two groups: solitary bees and social bees. Solitary bees, such as the native Leioproctus, do not live in colonies but instead create individual nests. They are often found nesting in the ground or in hollow stems and wood. These bees prefer undisturbed areas with sandy or loamy soil, where they can burrow and create their nests.
On the other hand, social bees, including honeybees and bumblebees, live in colonies and rely on complex social structures. These bees typically require larger, more established habitats that provide ample resources for their colonies. While honeybees are not native to New Zealand, they are still important pollinators in agricultural practices.
Understanding these nesting habits is crucial for anyone looking to attract bees to their garden. By providing the right conditions and habitats, you can create an inviting space for both solitary and social bee species. This includes incorporating a variety of flowering plants, ensuring a consistent food source, and considering the specific nesting preferences of each bee species.
The Decline of Bee Populations
Despite the vital role that bees play in our ecosystems, there has been a concerning decline in bee populations both globally and in New Zealand. Statistics reveal that bee populations have been experiencing a downward trend due to various factors, including habitat loss, pesticide use, and climate change. As urban areas expand, natural habitats are often destroyed or altered, leaving bees with fewer places to nest and forage.
In New Zealand, the introduction of invasive species and the use of harmful pesticides have further exacerbated the problem, leading to a decline in both native and introduced bee species. The loss of biodiversity and the decline in bee populations can have dire consequences for agricultural productivity and ecological balance.
It is crucial to acknowledge these challenges as we strive to create bee-friendly habitats. By taking steps to enhance local environments, gardeners can play an essential role in reversing this trend. Implementing strategies that promote pollinator-friendly gardening can contribute significantly to supporting bee populations and ensuring their survival.
Creating awareness about the importance of bees and the threats they face can motivate individuals and communities to take action. By learning how to attract bees to your garden, you can help foster a thriving ecosystem that benefits not only the bees but also the plants and animals that rely on them for pollination.
In the subsequent sections, we will delve deeper into the practical steps you can take to create a bee-friendly garden, focusing on how to attract bees to your garden through strategic planting, providing water sources, and minimizing the use of harmful chemicals. Whether you’re an experienced gardener or a novice, there are numerous ways to support these critical pollinators and contribute to the overall health of our environment.
Creating a Bee-Friendly Habitat
As we progress through this guide, we will explore a variety of methods and ideas to create a welcoming environment for bees. From planting a diverse range of flowers that bloom throughout the growing season to designing nesting sites that cater to the unique needs of different bee species, there are countless opportunities to foster a bee-friendly habitat. Each effort contributes to a larger movement towards protecting and preserving bee populations in New Zealand.
By understanding the needs of bees and the challenges they face, we can make informed decisions that benefit not only our gardens but also the broader ecosystem. As we continue to explore how to attract bees to your garden, remember that every small action can make a significant difference in creating a thriving environment for these essential pollinators.
How to Attract Bees to Your Garden
2.1 Planting Bee-Friendly Flowers
Creating a welcoming environment for bees begins with the right selection of flowers. To effectively attract bees to your garden, it is essential to choose plants that are both attractive and beneficial to these crucial pollinators. Native New Zealand plants, such as kowhai, manuka, and flax, are excellent choices because they have evolved alongside local bee species, providing the nectar and pollen that bees need to thrive.
Kowhai, for example, produces bright yellow flowers that bloom in early spring, making them a vital food source when other plants are still dormant. Manuka, known for its medicinal properties, offers nectar that attracts not only honeybees but also native solitary bees. Flax, with its vibrant red flowers, attracts a variety of bees and offers a long flowering period, ensuring a steady food supply throughout the season.
Including a diverse range of flowering plants that bloom at different times of the year is key. This approach not only extends the blooming season but also increases the likelihood of attracting a variety of bee species. For instance, planting early bloomers like crocus or snowdrops in conjunction with summer flowers such as lavender or echinacea ensures that there is always something in bloom for bees to forage on.
In addition to native plants, consider incorporating non-native bee-friendly flowers such as sunflowers, borage, and cosmos. These plants are not only visually appealing but also provide abundant nectar and pollen. It is crucial to avoid hybrid varieties that may lack the nectar or pollen that bees rely on. By focusing on pollinator-friendly gardening, you can create an environment that supports bee populations while enhancing the aesthetics of your garden.
2.2 Providing Water Sources
Water is an essential resource for bees, just as it is for all living organisms. To attract bees to your garden effectively, providing accessible water sources is vital. Bees often face challenges in finding clean water, especially during dry seasons, so creating a bee-friendly watering area can significantly enhance their presence in your garden.
One simple way to create a water source is by using shallow dishes filled with water and pebbles. The pebbles serve as landing spots for bees, preventing them from drowning while they drink. Position these dishes in sunny locations, as bees are more likely to visit water sources in warm conditions. Ensure that you change the water regularly to keep it clean and free from debris.
Another option is to install a small birdbath with a shallow basin that allows bees to access water. These birdbaths not only attract bees but also provide hydration for other beneficial wildlife in your garden, creating a thriving ecosystem. You can enhance these water sources by adding plants that thrive in wet conditions, such as marsh marigold or water mint, which can further attract bees.
In addition to these methods, consider creating a small pond or water feature, which can enrich your garden’s biodiversity. Ponds are excellent habitats for various wildlife, including frogs and dragonflies, while providing bees with a consistent water source. By incorporating these elements, you’ll learn how to attract bees to your garden while enhancing the overall health of your garden ecosystem.
2.3 Avoiding Pesticides and Herbicides
The use of pesticides and herbicides poses a significant threat to bee populations. Chemicals designed to eliminate pests can also harm beneficial insects, including bees that are vital for pollination. To create a bee-friendly habitat, it is crucial to adopt organic gardening practices that prioritize the health of bees and other pollinators.
One of the best strategies for avoiding harmful chemicals is to implement integrated pest management (IPM). This approach focuses on preventing pest problems before they occur, utilizing natural predators, and employing non-toxic methods for pest control. For instance, introducing beneficial insects like ladybugs or lacewings can help manage pest populations without harming bees.
If you encounter a pest problem that requires intervention, consider using organic alternatives such as neem oil or insecticidal soap. These products are less harmful to bees and can effectively control pests when used correctly. Always apply these treatments in the evening when bees are less active, minimizing their exposure to harmful substances.
In addition to avoiding harmful chemicals, it’s essential to educate yourself about the plants you choose for your garden. Some plants are treated with systemic pesticides that can transfer toxins to the nectar and pollen. Whenever possible, source plants from local nurseries that practice organic growing methods and are upfront about their pest management practices.
By committing to organic gardening and minimizing pesticide use, you not only protect bee populations but also contribute to a healthier ecosystem overall. This practice aligns with the principles of pollinator-friendly gardening, ensuring that your efforts to attract bees to your garden are sustainable and beneficial in the long term.
2.4 Creating a Bee-Friendly Environment
Beyond planting bee-friendly flowers and providing water sources, creating an environment that minimizes disturbances is crucial for attracting bees to your garden. Bees thrive in habitats that offer safety and tranquility, allowing them to forage and nest without excessive stress.
To reduce disturbances, consider designating specific areas of your garden as bee sanctuaries. These areas should be less trafficked and away from noise sources, such as busy pathways or areas where children frequently play. By creating a peaceful space, you encourage bees to visit and remain in your garden.
Incorporating dense foliage and shrubs can also provide shelter for bees from predators and harsh weather conditions. Plants with varying heights create a layered effect, offering bees numerous hiding spots and nesting opportunities. For instance, low-growing ground covers can provide nesting sites for ground-nesting bees, while taller plants offer protection from wind and rain.
Consider installing bee hotels or nesting boxes in quiet corners of your garden. These structures can attract solitary bees, which are more likely to visit gardens that provide suitable nesting options. Ensure that the materials used for these hotels are untreated and free from chemicals, as toxins can deter bees from using them.
Additionally, it’s important to maintain a natural and slightly untamed look in parts of your garden. Leaving areas of bare soil, dead wood, and native grasses can create a habitat that appeals to various bee species. These elements are essential for nesting and foraging, and they contribute to the overall biodiversity of your garden.
By creating a serene and inviting atmosphere, you’ll enhance your garden’s appeal to bees. Implementing these strategies helps you not only learn how to attract bees to your garden but also fosters a deeper connection with nature and the vital role that bees play in our ecosystems.
In conclusion, attracting bees to your garden requires a multifaceted approach that includes planting the right flowers, providing water sources, avoiding harmful chemicals, and creating a peaceful environment. By adopting these practices, you will contribute to the well-being of bee populations while enjoying the beauty and productivity of your garden. Embracing pollinator-friendly gardening not only supports bees but also enriches the biodiversity that is essential for a healthy and thriving ecosystem in New Zealand.
- Untreated wood blocks (at least 15 cm thick)
- Bamboo or hollow reeds (cut to lengths of 10-15 cm)
- Pine cones
- Straw or dry grasses
- Non-toxic wood glue (optional)
Creating Nesting Sites for Bees
Natural Nesting Sites
Creating a bee-friendly habitat starts with providing natural nesting sites that cater to the diverse needs of various bee species. Many native bees in New Zealand thrive in natural environments that offer undisturbed soil, dead wood, and other organic matter. This section will explore how you can identify and protect these habitats in your own garden, enhancing the chances of attracting bees to your garden.
Most solitary bees prefer to nest in the ground, and they often seek out areas with loose, dry soil that can be easily excavated. Look for sunny areas in your garden where the soil remains relatively undisturbed. Avoid compacting the soil in these locations, as this can make it difficult for bees to dig their nests. Additionally, leaving patches of bare soil in your garden can promote nesting opportunities for these ground-nesting bees.
Dead wood is another natural nesting site that can attract a variety of bee species. Many cavity-nesting bees will use old, hollow stems or logs to create their homes. If you have fallen branches or logs in your garden, consider leaving them in place. You can also create a bee hotel using old wood, which will be discussed further in the next section.
Protecting these natural habitats is crucial. Avoid using chemicals in areas where you have observed bee activity, as these can be harmful to bees and their nesting sites. By creating a safe space for them, you provide a welcoming environment that encourages more bee activity.
Building Bee Hotels
One of the most effective ways to create a bee-friendly habitat is by building bee hotels. These structures mimic natural nesting sites and can significantly enhance your garden’s appeal to bees. Here’s a step-by-step guide on how to create a bee hotel that will attract various solitary bee species.
Materials Needed:
Design Considerations:
When constructing your bee hotel, size and location are essential. Aim for a structure that is at least 30 cm wide and 60 cm tall. Position your bee hotel in a sunny area, ideally facing south or southeast, as this will keep the nesting sites warm and inviting for bees.
Step-by-Step Construction:
1. Prepare the Base: Start by cutting a piece of untreated wood into a rectangular shape to serve as the base. Ensure it has drainage holes to prevent moisture accumulation.
2. Add Nesting Materials: Drill holes into the wood block, varying the sizes to accommodate different bee species. The holes should range from 2 mm to 10 mm in diameter, with depths of about 10-15 cm.
3. Insert Bamboo and Reeds: Cut sections of bamboo or hollow reeds and fill the drilled holes. These will serve as ideal nesting sites for cavity-nesting bees.
4. Decorate with Natural Materials: You can also fill the spaces around the drilled holes with pine cones or straw to provide additional nesting material.
5. Mounting the Hotel: Securely mount the bee hotel at least 1 meter above the ground, ensuring it is stable and protected from rain.
Maintenance Tips:
Maintaining your bee hotel is vital for its longevity and effectiveness. At the end of the bee season, clean the structure by removing any debris or dead bees. Avoid using pesticides near the bee hotel to prevent harming the bees. Regularly check for signs of occupancy and be prepared to replace any damaged materials.
By building a bee hotel, you can create an inviting environment for bees and significantly increase the chances of how to attract bees to your garden.
Providing Ground Nesting Sites
In addition to bee hotels, providing suitable ground nesting sites is essential for attracting solitary bees. Many native bee species in New Zealand prefer to nest directly in the ground, so creating these environments can help promote bee populations in your garden.
To establish suitable ground nesting sites, consider the following tips:
1. Choosing the Right Location: Identify sunny, well-drained areas in your garden. Solitary bees typically prefer south-facing slopes or clearings that receive plenty of sunlight throughout the day.
2. Managing Soil Conditions: Ensure that the soil in these areas is loose and well-aerated. You can achieve this by avoiding compaction and not using heavy machinery in these zones. If necessary, amend the soil with sand or compost to improve drainage.
3. Creating Bare Patches: Leaving small patches of bare soil is crucial for ground-nesting bees. You can achieve this by removing grass or mulch in selected areas. Aim for patches that are at least 30 cm by 30 cm to provide ample space for nesting.
4. Encouraging Diversity: Ground-nesting bees thrive in diverse environments. Incorporate a mix of native plants around these areas, as flowering plants will provide essential food sources. By planting a variety of flowers that bloom at different times, you can enhance your garden’s overall appeal to bees.
5. Avoiding Chemicals: To create an inviting environment, avoid using pesticides or herbicides in areas designated as nesting sites. Chemicals can disrupt the delicate balance of your garden and deter bees from nesting.
By focusing on these practices, you can effectively create ground nesting sites that will attract solitary bees and enhance your garden’s biodiversity. This approach complements your overall strategy on how to attract bees to your garden.
Incorporating Natural Materials
Using natural materials in your garden can create additional nesting options for bees, further contributing to a bee-friendly habitat. Here are several ideas for incorporating these materials:
1. Bamboo and Twigs: Cut sections of bamboo and twigs to create natural tubes for nesting. These materials can be added to your bee hotel or placed directly in the garden, providing additional nesting opportunities.
2. Logs and Stumps: Utilize fallen logs and tree stumps as natural bee hotels. Drill holes of varying sizes into the wood to create nesting sites. Position these logs in sunny areas, ensuring they remain dry and protected from the elements.
3. Straw and Leaves: Gather straw or dried leaves and place them in sheltered spots within your garden. These materials can provide insulation and a cozy environment for bees to nest.
4. Rock Piles: Create small rock piles in your garden. These can serve as shelters for bees, providing protection from predators and harsh weather conditions.
5. Recycled Materials: Consider using recycled materials like old wooden pallets or untreated wooden crates to create additional nesting sites. These structures can be filled with natural materials, making them attractive to bees.
By integrating these natural materials into your garden, you can create a more diverse and inviting environment for bees. This not only supports their nesting needs but also enhances the overall aesthetics of your garden.
In conclusion, creating nesting sites for bees is a crucial step in developing a bee-friendly habitat. By incorporating natural nesting options, building bee hotels, and providing ground nesting sites, you can significantly increase the likelihood of how to attract bees to your garden. These efforts will not only support local bee populations but also contribute to the overall health and biodiversity of your garden ecosystem.
Creating Shelter Options for Bees
Creating Shelter from Predators and Elements
One of the most crucial aspects of establishing a bee-friendly habitat is ensuring that bees have adequate shelter from both predators and harsh weather conditions. Bees, particularly solitary species, can be quite vulnerable to environmental stressors, which makes it imperative to create safe spaces within your garden environment. Dense foliage, shrubs, and tall grasses provide natural cover, allowing bees to find refuge from predators and inclement weather.
When planning your garden, consider planting a variety of trees and shrubs, as these will not only offer shelter but also contribute to the overall biodiversity of your garden. Choose native species like the kahikatea or totara, which provide a robust habitat for bees and other pollinators. These plants create a layered environment with different heights, offering a variety of microhabitats that cater to the diverse needs of bee populations.
In addition to leafy cover, think about incorporating structures that can serve as shelters. For example, hedgerows can be particularly beneficial, as they provide a thick barrier against wind and rain while also acting as a natural corridor for bees to travel between flowering plants. By ensuring that you have a mix of both low-lying and taller plants, you can create a more inviting and protective environment for bees.
Using Fencing and Garden Structures
Another excellent way to enhance shelter options for bees in your garden is by utilizing fences, trellises, and other garden structures. These features can create vertical spaces that offer protection while also supporting climbing plants that attract bees. For instance, installing a trellis covered with flowering vines such as passionfruit or sweet peas not only beautifies your garden but also provides essential shelter for bees.
When designing your fencing, consider using materials that can host climbing plants. Wooden fences can be adorned with native plants like climbing rātā or honeysuckle, which not only provide shelter but also serve as a reliable food source when in bloom. This combination of shelter and sustenance will encourage bees to inhabit your garden, making it a thriving ecosystem.
You can also use lattice panels as screening in strategic locations throughout your garden. This will create sheltered microclimates, protecting bees from wind and rain while encouraging them to explore your flowering plants. Additionally, the spaces between the lattice can be filled with plants that attract bees, thus maximizing your efforts to create a welcoming environment.
Seasonal Considerations
As seasons change, so do the needs of bee populations. It’s important to prepare your garden for various seasonal conditions to ensure that bees have shelter year-round. In spring and summer, the abundance of flowers provides bees with food, but as winter approaches, shelter becomes paramount.
Plan your garden layout with seasonal dynamics in mind. For instance, evergreen trees and shrubs can create windbreaks and habitats that remain intact throughout the winter, providing bees with a safe space to overwinter. Look for native evergreens, such as the New Zealand pōhutukawa, which can also serve as a food source for bees when they’re active in warmer months.
In addition, consider creating leaf litter piles and brush piles in less trafficked areas of your garden. These natural shelters help maintain a stable microhabitat for bees during colder months. As you prepare your garden for seasonal changes, remember that diversity is key. A wide range of plant species, varying heights, and shelter types will create a more resilient ecosystem that supports bees throughout the year.
It is also essential to regularly check your garden structures for signs of wear and tear, especially after harsh weather events. Maintaining these structures ensures that they remain viable shelters for bees, contributing to your ongoing efforts in pollinator-friendly gardening.
Incorporating Natural Materials
In addition to planting and structural options, incorporating natural materials into your garden can further enhance shelter for bees. Using elements such as logs, stones, and bamboo can provide additional nesting opportunities and protective cover. For example, leaving a few dead logs in a corner of your garden can create a habitat for various bee species, as many solitary bees prefer to nest in pre-existing holes or crevices.
Bamboo can be particularly effective for creating nesting sites for solitary bees. Cut bamboo canes into lengths of 15 to 20 cm and bundle them together to form a simple bee hotel. Place this in a sheltered spot, ideally facing south to catch the sun, and ensure it remains dry. This not only serves as a nesting site but also acts as a protective structure against the elements.
Moreover, consider using stones or rock piles strategically placed around your garden. These can provide additional shelter and warmth, especially in cooler months. The nooks and crannies between stones can serve as hiding places for bees, while also being a great way to incorporate natural aesthetics into your garden design.
Creating a Balanced Ecosystem
To truly create a bee-friendly habitat, focus on developing a balanced ecosystem within your garden. This means integrating various plant types, shelter options, and food sources to cater to the needs of different bee species. When you know how to attract bees to your garden, you’ll also be contributing to the overall health of your local ecosystem, as bees play a significant role in pollination.
Consider implementing companion planting strategies, where certain plants are grown alongside others to enhance growth and attract beneficial insects. For example, planting flowering herbs like lavender or borage among your vegetables not only attracts bees but can also deter pests, creating a healthier garden overall.
Regularly observe the interactions between different species in your garden. This will help you understand which plants and structures are most effective at attracting bees and supporting their needs. Monitoring your garden will enable you to make informed adjustments, ensuring that your efforts in pollinator-friendly gardening are successful.
To sum up, creating a bee-friendly habitat involves a multifaceted approach that includes providing shelter from predators and environmental elements, using fences and structures creatively, and incorporating natural materials into your landscape. By focusing on these aspects, you can cultivate a thriving ecosystem that not only attracts bees but also supports their long-term health and survival. Remember, every little change you make contributes to the larger goal of protecting these essential pollinators and enhancing biodiversity in your New Zealand garden.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
What are the best nesting sites for bees in my garden?
To attract bees to your garden, it’s essential to provide diverse nesting sites that cater to different species. Ground-nesting bees prefer bare soil or sandy areas, while cavity-nesting bees, such as mason bees, require hollow stems or drilled wooden blocks. You can create a bee hotel filled with hollow tubes or bamboo sticks to provide a safe space for these creatures. Additionally, leaving patches of undisturbed soil and dead wood can encourage bees to take up residence in your garden.
How can I create a bee-friendly shelter in my garden?
Creating a bee-friendly shelter involves using natural materials and ensuring a safe environment. Planting native flowering plants that bloom at different times throughout the season provides food for bees. Incorporating a bee hotel made from untreated wood or natural materials can also offer a safe haven for solitary bees. When designing your garden, create sheltered areas with shrubs or low fences to protect bees from harsh weather conditions and strong winds.
What plants should I include to attract bees to my garden?
To attract bees effectively, incorporate a variety of native flowering plants that provide nectar and pollen. Some great options include lavender, sunflowers, coneflowers, and wildflowers. Aim for plants that bloom at different times throughout the growing season to ensure a consistent food source. Grouping plants in clusters rather than scattering them will make it easier for bees to find and access them, enhancing your garden’s bee-friendly appeal.
How important is sunlight for attracting bees to my garden?
Sunlight plays a crucial role in attracting bees to your garden. Bees are more active in sunny areas, as they need warmth to function effectively. When planning your garden layout, ensure that your flowering plants receive adequate sunlight throughout the day. Aim for areas that get at least six hours of direct sunlight, as this will help stimulate bee activity and encourage them to visit your garden more frequently.
Can I use pesticides in my garden and still attract bees?
Using pesticides in your garden can negatively impact bee populations, so it’s best to minimize or eliminate their use. If you must use pesticides, opt for organic or bee-friendly options and apply them during the evening when bees are less active. Additionally, consider using integrated pest management strategies that prioritize natural pest control methods. By reducing pesticide usage, you create a safer environment for bees, making your garden more attractive to them.
How do I know if my garden is bee-friendly?
A bee-friendly garden will have a variety of flowering plants, nesting sites, and sheltered areas. You can assess your garden’s appeal to bees by monitoring their activity—look for buzzing around your blooms, especially during peak blooming times. If you notice a diverse range of bee species visiting your plants, it’s a good sign that your garden is meeting their needs. Additionally, consider conducting a simple survey of the plants and nesting sites available to ensure you are providing a welcoming environment for these important pollinators.
References
- Bee Conservation – Creating habitats for bees and other pollinators, including nesting sites and shelter options. – An organization dedicated to the conservation of bees through education and habitat creation.
- Pollinator Partnership – Resources for creating habitats that support pollinators, including specific nesting requirements for various bee species. – A non-profit organization focused on the protection and promotion of pollinators.
- Xerces Society for Invertebrate Conservation – Detailed guidelines on creating bee-friendly habitats and nesting sites. – A leading organization in invertebrate conservation providing research-based resources.
- USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service – Information on managing landscapes to support bees and other pollinators. – A government agency providing resources for sustainable agriculture and conservation practices.
- The Bee Conservation Trust – Offers advice on how to create and maintain bee-friendly habitats. – A UK-based charity focused on promoting the conservation of bees and their habitats.
- Wildlife Trusts – Information on various nesting sites for bees and how to create them in your garden. – A network of charities in the UK dedicated to protecting wildlife and their habitats.
- My Garden – A guide on gardening practices that support bee habitats, including nesting sites and shelter options. – A resource for gardeners in New Zealand focused on sustainable gardening practices.